Dark circles under the eyes are a common cosmetic concern characterized by discoloration that can range from bluish to brownish or purplish.  Several factors can contribute to their appearance including genetics, aging, and thin skin, which makes blood vessels under the eyes more visible.  Lifestyle factors such as lack of sleep, stress, and dehydration can also play a significant role.

Addressing dark circles often involves a combination of lifestyle changes and targeted treatments. Getting enough sleep, managing stress, and staying hydrated are essential.  Topical creams containing ingredients like vitamin C or retinol, as well as professional treatments like fillers or laser therapy can also help improve the appearance of dark circles.